Sanskrit
Jiva
/JEE-vah/
Jiva, in Sanskrit, signifies the eternal, individual soul or life principle that animates all existence, from the simplest microbe to the most complex human. It is the sentient essence that transmigrates through endless cycles of birth, death, and rebirth (samsara), driven by karma, seeking ultimate liberation (moksha). This core concept underscores the inherent, divine spark within every living being, forming the ethical bedrock for non-violence (ahimsa) and the recognition of universal interconnectedness.
Lit. living being, soul, life
Used in philosophical and religious contexts, particularly within Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism, to denote the soul or life force.